{"id":45459,"date":"2025-11-27T12:59:21","date_gmt":"2025-11-27T11:59:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/p-portal.net\/the-flower-on-the-poster-for-the-serbian-woman-exhibition-is-not-a-war-propaganda-symbol-here-is-what-it-actually-represents"},"modified":"2025-11-27T12:59:21","modified_gmt":"2025-11-27T11:59:21","slug":"the-flower-on-the-poster-for-the-serbian-woman-exhibition-is-not-a-war-propaganda-symbol-here-is-what-it-actually-represents","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/p-portal.net\/en\/the-flower-on-the-poster-for-the-serbian-woman-exhibition-is-not-a-war-propaganda-symbol-here-is-what-it-actually-represents","title":{"rendered":"The flower on the poster for the \u201cSerbian Woman\u201d exhibition is not a war-propaganda symbol \u2013 here is what it actually represents"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Amid intensified public debates regarding recent events organized by members of the Serbian community in Croatia, several media portals and social media profiles in recent weeks have linked the visual identity of the exhibition \u201cSerbian Woman, Heroine of the Great War\u201d, which was scheduled to be held at the Serbian Cultural Center in Vukovar, with a symbol allegedly bearing war-propagandistic meaning or functioning as a provocation. The supposedly contentious element was a \u201cflower symbol\u201d on the exhibition poster, which the authors of these claims identified as identical to the brooch worn by Hague convict Ratko Mladi\u0107 on his lapel during the hearing in which he was sentenced to life imprisonment for committing war crimes. In addition to portals such as Narod.hr (available <a href=\"https:\/\/narod.hr\/hrvatska\/izlozba-skc-vukovar-o-srpskoj-pobedi-najavljena-uz-simbol-koji-je-nosio-i-ratko-mladic#google_vignette\">here<\/a>, archived <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.ph\/8qzbV\">here<\/a>), Direktno.hr (available <a href=\"https:\/\/direktno.hr\/domovina\/simbol-istaknut-na-plakatu-izlozbe-srpkinja-salje-poruku-pogledajte-njegovo-znacenje-383825\/#goog_rewarded\">here<\/a>, archived<a href=\"https:\/\/archive.ph\/Cm1rG\"> here<\/a>), and Maxportal (available <a href=\"https:\/\/www.maxportal.hr\/premium-sadrzaj\/srpkinja-s-izlozbe-u-vukovaru-nosi-isti-znak-kao-ratni-zlocinac-ratko-mladic\/\">here<\/a>, archived <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.ph\/sdmV0\">here<\/a>), the same claim also spread across social media, including through the Facebook page \u201cKolinda Grabar Kitarovi\u0107 \u2013 na\u0161a predsjednica\u201d (available <a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/Kolinda.Grabar.Kitarovic.PredsjednicaRH\/posts\/najava-izlo%C5%BEbe-u-vukovaru-u-%C4%8Dijoj-se-vizualnoj-najavi-koristi-isti-simbol-koji-j\/1450474029777386\">here<\/a>, archived <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.ph\/U7aa4\">here<\/a>) where the post was shared more than 470 times.  <\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" style=\"border: none; overflow: hidden;\" src=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/plugins\/post.php?href=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.facebook.com%2FKolinda.Grabar.Kitarovic.PredsjednicaRH%2Fposts%2Fpfbid02UWuP1g9hoN32aycs3AXNihGTxSrm5rjsYdptK5u87rFyweC77qETQSwbyzUbogJMl&amp;show_text=true&amp;width=500\" width=\"500\" height=\"504\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>During periods of heightened sensitivity surrounding cultural events organized by the Serbian minority in Croatia \u2013 including cases of cancellations or public disputes \u2013 individual posts on social networks and portals can gain disproportionate traction and influence public perception of minority activities. Because inaccurate or unverified claims about the meaning of symbols can easily spread in such contexts and further strain interethnic relations, verifying these claims is essential to understanding the true origin and use of the symbol in question. <\/p>\n<p>Available information on the symbolism, historical origins, and official use of the depicted motif provides no indication that this floral ornament carries a war-propagandistic meaning or is connected to aggression, ethnic tension, or religious intolerance. On the contrary, in practice it is associated exclusively with commemorations of events from the First World War. <\/p>\n<p>First, it is necessary to establish that the flower shown in the ornament is Natalie\u2019s Ramonda (Ramonda nathaliae[1]). This plant from the Gesneriaceae family, also known locally as the \u201clittle cake\u201d or \u201cphoenix flower\u201d[2] is native to the central Balkans, with the greatest concentration found in \u0160umadija and southern Serbia, gradually decreasing in prevalence westward into Macedonia and south toward Greece\u2019s Epirus region and the Aegean Sea[3]. As it is endemic to this region, it is not surprising that the earliest botanical records and classification within Carl Linnaeus\u2019 system were made in Serbia[4]. This work was carried out by one of the most significant Serbian botanists, Josif Pan\u010di\u0107 (1814\u20131888), the first president of the Serbian Royal Academy. After being alerted to the plant\u2019s distinct characteristics by Sava Petrovi\u0107 (1839\u20131898), the royal court physician to King Milan Obrenovi\u0107 (1854\u20131901), Pan\u010di\u0107 confirmed scientifically in the 1880s that it represented a separate species within the Ramonda genus. Its name was then assigned, at Petrovi\u0107\u2019s proposal, in honor of Queen <strong>Natalie Obrenovi\u0107<\/strong> (1859\u20131941), despite Pan\u010di\u0107\u2019s initial intention to name it after the city of Ni\u0161[<a href=\"#_ftn5\" name=\"_ftnref5\">5<\/a>].  <\/p>\n<p>Due to its rarity and geographical specificity to Serbian lands, its association with a queen often described as \u201cthe most beautiful lady of the 19th century\u201d[<a href=\"#_ftn6\" name=\"_ftnref6\">6<\/a>] and remembered for her tragic fate[<a href=\"#_ftn7\" name=\"_ftnref7\">7<\/a>], and even more so because it was among the last subjects of interest studied by the renowned scientist Pan\u010di\u0107[<a href=\"#_ftn8\" name=\"_ftnref8\">8<\/a>] before his death, the flower Natalie\u2019s Ramonda quickly became one of the national symbols of Serbs and Serbia. It is worth noting, however, that this is not an \u201cendemic\u201d Serbian practice: nations across the world have historically adopted various plants as national symbols \u2014 for instance, the golden wattle (<em>Acacia pycnantha<\/em>) in Australia[<a href=\"#_ftn9\" name=\"_ftnref9\">9<\/a>], the king protea (<em>Protea cynaroides<\/em>) in South Africa[<a href=\"#_ftn10\" name=\"_ftnref10\">10<\/a>], and the Chilean bellflower (<em>Lapageria rosea<\/em>) in Chile[<a href=\"#_ftn11\" name=\"_ftnref11\">11<\/a>]. Some well-known examples involve plants that are endemic to broader regions spanning multiple countries but are most abundant in one, such as the Lebanese cedar[<a href=\"#_ftn12\" name=\"_ftnref12\">12<\/a>] or the <em>edelweiss<\/em> in Austria.  <a href=\"#_ftn13\" name=\"_ftnref13\">[13]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Regarding the specific symbol of Natalie\u2019s Ramonda \u2014 today classified as a severely endangered and \u201cstrictly protected species\u201d[<a href=\"#_ftn14\" name=\"_ftnref14\">14<\/a>] in Serbia \u2014 its association with Serbian national motifs is linked primarily to the First World War, which is also the theme of the postponed Vukovar exhibition \u201cSerbian Woman.\u201d This connection is largely due to the plant\u2019s abundance on Kajmak\u010dalan[<a href=\"#_ftn15\" name=\"_ftnref15\">15<\/a>], the site of decisive battles between the forces of Serbian Field Marshal <strong>\u017divojin Mi\u0161i\u0107<\/strong> (1855\u20131921) and the Bulgarian army, battles that were crucial for breaking through the Salonika Front and liberating Serbia. Moreover, the symbolism of the plant as a \u201cphoenix flower,\u201d capable of reviving after completely drying out once moisture returns, is often interpreted in Serbian collective memory as a metaphor for Serbia\u2019s endurance and renewal during and after the First World War.  <\/p>\n<p>The specific design featuring this flower \u2014 the one seen on the exhibition poster \u2014 was introduced to the Serbian public in 2012 by the current Minister of Foreign Affairs <strong>Marko \u0110uri\u0107<\/strong> and Serbian Ambassador to Brazil <strong>Aleksandar Risti\u0107<\/strong>[<a href=\"#_ftn16\" name=\"_ftnref16\">16<\/a>], after Armistice Day (11 November) was declared a national holiday in Serbia (previously marked only as a memorial day). Commemorating this date, which marks the 1918 armistice, is not unique to Serbia; it is also officially observed as Remembrance Day in the United Kingdom and Commonwealth countries, France, and Belgium, as well as Veterans Day[<a href=\"#_ftn17\" name=\"_ftnref17\">17<\/a>] in the United States. In the 2012 emblem, the Ramonda flower is accompanied by a green-and-black ribbon from the Albanian Commemorative Medal, awarded in memory of the 1915 retreat of the Serbian army through Albania (commonly abbreviated as the Albanian Commemorative Medal)[<a href=\"#_ftn18\" name=\"_ftnref18\">18<\/a>]. As officially stated, the design was inspired by the established remembrance poppy symbol[<a href=\"#_ftn19\" name=\"_ftnref19\">19<\/a>] widely used in the UK and Commonwealth to honor soldiers who fell in the First World War.     <\/p>\n<p>The identical design featuring the Ramonda and the Albanian Commemorative Medal ribbon has been frequently used in Serbia since 2012, almost exclusively in connection with commemorations related to the First World War. Numerous photographs show Serbian officials [<a href=\"#_ftn20\" name=\"_ftnref20\">20<\/a>] wearing the same symbol on their lapels for these purposes. Therefore, although it is unclear why Ratko Mladi\u0107 wore the same motif in the Hague courtroom, the available facts show that the symbol is not associated in Serbian public or official practice with the war in Bosnia and Herzegovina, but exclusively with First World War remembrance.   <\/p>\n<blockquote><p><strong>At a time of heightened sensitivity surrounding events involving the Serbian minority, accurate interpretation of symbols is essential to preventing further misunderstandings. Verified facts confirm that the Ramonda symbol is formally and publicly tied to First World War commemorations and has no basis for interpretation within the context of the 1990s conflicts. It follows that claims of its alleged provocativeness due to its association with Ratko Mladi\u0107 are unsupported by facts.  <\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\">[1]<\/a> <em>Ramonda nathaliae<\/em>. Royal Botanic Garden \u2013 Plants of the World Online. <a href=\"https:\/\/powo.science.kew.org\/taxon\/382352-1\">https:\/\/powo.science.kew.org\/taxon\/382352-1 <\/a>(accessed November 25, 2025).<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref2\" name=\"_ftn2\">[2]<\/a> Ble\u010di\u0107, Petar. \u201cA Drop of Water Brings Them Back to Life.\u201d Blic.rs. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.blic.rs\/vesti\/reportaza\/kap-vode-ih-vraca-u-zivot\/7evz71h\">https:\/\/www.blic.rs\/vesti\/reportaza\/kap-vode-ih-vraca-u-zivot\/7evz71h<\/a> (accessed November 25, 2025). <\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref3\" name=\"_ftn3\">[3]<\/a> <em>Ramonda nathaliae<\/em>. Royal Botanic Garden \u2013 Plants of the World Online. <a href=\"https:\/\/powo.science.kew.org\/taxon\/382352-1\">https:\/\/powo.science.kew.org\/taxon\/382352-1<\/a> (accessed November 25, 2025).<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref4\" name=\"_ftn4\">[4]<\/a> Babani, Fatbardha. \u201eEcophysiological differences between poikilohydric plants Ramonda serbica and Ramonda nathaliae\u201c. in: <em>5th International Symposium of Ecologists in Montenegro<\/em> (2020). <a href=\"https:\/\/www.academia.edu\/20993117\/Ecophysiological_differences_between_poikilohydric_plants_Ramonda_serbica_and_Ramonda_nathaliae\">https:\/\/www.academia.edu\/20993117\/Ecophysiological_differences_between_poikilohydric_plants_Ramonda_serbica_and_Ramonda_nathaliae<\/a> (accessed 25.11.2025)  <\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref5\" name=\"_ftn5\">[5]<\/a> \u201eRamonda nathalia\u201c. <em>pancic.rs<\/em>. <a href=\"https:\/\/pancic.bio.bg.ac.rs\/Yu\/Nomen\/pages\/129.html\">https:\/\/pancic.bio.bg.ac.rs\/Yu\/Nomen\/pages\/129.html<\/a> (accessed 25.11.2025)<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref6\" name=\"_ftn6\">[6]<\/a> Jovanovi\u0107, Slobodan. <em>Vlada Milana Obrenovi\u0107a <\/em>(Beograd, 1926). 73.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref7\" name=\"_ftn7\">[7]<\/a> Ibid. 91.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref8\" name=\"_ftn8\">[8]<\/a> According to: <em>pancic.rs<\/em>. https:\/\/pancic.bio.bg.ac.rs (accessed 25.11.2025.) <\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref9\" name=\"_ftn9\">[9]<\/a> According to: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.botanicgardens.org.au\/discover-and-learn\/horticulture-and-history\/what-australias-national-flower\">https:\/\/www.botanicgardens.org.au\/discover-and-learn\/horticulture-and-history\/what-australias-national-flower<\/a> (accessed 25.11.2025.)<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref10\" name=\"_ftn10\">[10]<\/a> According to: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.southafrica-usa.net\/consulate\/protea.html\">https:\/\/www.southafrica-usa.net\/consulate\/protea.html<\/a> (accessed 25.11.2025.)<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref11\" name=\"_ftn11\">[11]<\/a> According to: https:\/\/blogpatagonia.australis.com\/chilean-bellflower-10-facts\/ (accessed 25.11.2025.)<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref12\" name=\"_ftn12\">[12]<\/a> According to: https:\/\/www.plantea.com.hr\/libanonski-cedar\/ (accessed 25.11.2025.)<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref13\" name=\"_ftn13\">[13]<\/a> According to: https:\/\/hr.absolutviajes.com\/%C5%A0vajcarska\/edelweiss-%C5%A1vicarski-nacionalni-cvijet\/ (accessed 25.11.2025.)<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref14\" name=\"_ftn14\">[14]<\/a> Gligorovi\u0107, Slavica. \u201cHow and Why Orchids, Ramonda, Lincura\u2026 Are Protected.\u201d <em>RTS.<\/em> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rts.rs\/lat\/magazin\/priroda\/5691720\/flora-srbija-biodiverzitet-izlozba-miris-prirode-sanu.html\">https:\/\/www.rts.rs\/lat\/magazin\/priroda\/5691720\/flora-srbija-biodiverzitet-izlozba-miris-prirode-sanu.html <\/a>(accessed November 25, 2025). <\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref15\" name=\"_ftn15\">[15]<\/a> \u201cWhat is Ramonda?\u201d <em>Istorijski zabavnik<\/em>. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.istorijskizabavnik.rs\/blog\/sta-je-ramonda\">https:\/\/www.istorijskizabavnik.rs\/blog\/sta-je-ramonda <\/a>(accessed November 25, 2025).<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref16\" name=\"_ftn16\">[16]<\/a> \u201cNatalie\u2019s Ramonda.\u201d <em>Permanent Mission of the Republic of Serbia to the OSCE and Other International Organizations in Vienna.<\/em> <a href=\"https:\/\/osce-vienna.mfa.gov.rs\/lat\/mediji\/aktivnosti\/natalijina-ramonda-simbol-obelezavanja-dana-primirja-u-republici-srbiji\">https:\/\/osce-vienna.mfa.gov.rs\/lat\/mediji\/aktivnosti\/natalijina-ramonda-simbol-obelezavanja-dana-primirja-u-republici-srbiji <\/a>(accessed November 25, 2025).<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref17\" name=\"_ftn17\">[17]<\/a> Fidler, Matt. \u201cRemembrance Day Around the World.\u201d <em>The Guardian<\/em>. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/uk-news\/gallery\/2016\/nov\/11\/remembrance-day-armistice-around-the-world-in-pictures\">https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/uk-news\/gallery\/2016\/nov\/11\/remembrance-day-armistice-around-the-world-in-pictures<\/a> (accessed November 25, 2025). <\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref18\" name=\"_ftn18\">[18]<\/a> Savi\u0107, Vanja. \u201cHistory of Serbian Decorations.\u201d <a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20110108090725\/http:\/www.jat.com\/active\/sr-latin\/home\/main_menu\/travel_info\/jat_review\/februar_2008\/srpska_odlikovanja.html\">https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20110108090725\/http:\/\/www.jat.com\/active\/sr-latin\/home\/main_menu\/travel_info\/jat_review\/februar_2008\/srpska_odlikovanja.html<\/a> (accessed November 25, 2025). <\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref19\" name=\"_ftn19\">[19]<\/a> \u201eThe Poppy\u201c. <em>Royal British Legion<\/em>. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.britishlegion.org.uk\/get-involved\/remembrance\/the-poppy\">https:\/\/www.britishlegion.org.uk\/get-involved\/remembrance\/the-poppy<\/a> (accessed 25.11.2025.)<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref20\" name=\"_ftn20\">[20]<\/a> For example, Aleksandar Vu\u010di\u0107 (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.kurir.rs\/vesti\/politika\/3806775\/aleksandar-vucic-natalijina-ramonda%20-%20pristup%2025.11.2025\">https:\/\/www.kurir.rs\/vesti\/politika\/3806775\/aleksandar-vucic-natalijina-ramonda &#8211; pristup 25.11.2025<\/a>), Ana Brnabi\u0107 (<a href=\"https:\/\/glossy.espreso.co.rs\/zdravi-i-srecni\/put-do-srece\/222857\/sta-je-sta-simbolizuje-natalijina-ramonda%20-%20pristup%2025.22.2025\">https:\/\/glossy.espreso.co.rs\/zdravi-i-srecni\/put-do-srece\/222857\/sta-je-sta-simbolizuje-natalijina-ramonda &#8211; pristup 25.22.2025<\/a>) and others (https:\/\/nova.rs\/magazin\/lifestyle\/tajna-natalijine-ramonde-znacka-koju-poslanici-nose-u-skupstini\/ &#8211; accessed 25.11.2025.)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em>Funded by the European Union \u2013 NextGenerationEU.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em>Views and opinions expressed are however those of the author(s) only and do not necessarily reflect those of the European Union or the European Commission, nor the positions of the Agency for Electronic Media. Neither the European Union nor the European Commission, nor the Agency for Electronic Media can be held responsible for them. <\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Several posts on social media and news portals claim that the flower symbol on the poster for the exhibition \u201cSerbian Woman, Heroine of the Great War\u201d carries war-propagandistic meaning or represents a provocation.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":67,"featured_media":45460,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"none","_seopress_titles_title":"","_seopress_titles_desc":"","_seopress_robots_index":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[392],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-45459","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-fact-check-en","infinite-scroll-item","generate-columns","tablet-grid-50","mobile-grid-100","grid-parent","grid-33"],"featured_image_src":"https:\/\/p-portal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Plakat.jpg","featured_image_src_square":"https:\/\/p-portal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Plakat.jpg","author_info":{"display_name":"Leon \u0106evani\u0107","author_link":"https:\/\/p-portal.net\/en\/author\/leon"},"rbea_author_info":{"display_name":"Leon \u0106evani\u0107","author_link":"https:\/\/p-portal.net\/en\/author\/leon"},"rbea_excerpt_info":"Several posts on social media and news portals claim that the flower symbol on the poster for the exhibition \u201cSerbian Woman, Heroine of the Great War\u201d carries war-propagandistic meaning or represents a provocation.","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/p-portal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/45459","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/p-portal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/p-portal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/p-portal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/67"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/p-portal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=45459"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/p-portal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/45459\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/p-portal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/45460"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/p-portal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=45459"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/p-portal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=45459"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/p-portal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=45459"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}