{"id":43495,"date":"2025-03-31T22:01:25","date_gmt":"2025-03-31T20:01:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/p-portal.net\/did-josip-or-josif-runjanin-compose-the-croatian-national-anthem"},"modified":"2025-04-13T21:48:35","modified_gmt":"2025-04-13T19:48:35","slug":"did-josip-or-josif-runjanin-compose-the-croatian-national-anthem","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/p-portal.net\/en\/did-josip-or-josif-runjanin-compose-the-croatian-national-anthem","title":{"rendered":"Did Josip or Josif Runjanin Compose the Croatian National Anthem?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Godi\u0161njica prvog objavljivanja stihova hrvatske himne <strong>Antuna Mihanovi\u0107a <\/strong>\u201eHorvatska domovina\u201c, danas poznatije pod nazivom \u201eLijepa na\u0161a domovino\u201c, u doma\u0107im medijima popra\u0107ena je brojnim prigodnim tekstovima. Mnogi informativni i kulturni portali tog 14. o\u017eujka ili uo\u010di tog datuma objavili su prigodne podsjetnike s podacima o izvornom i aktualnom nazivu ove pjesme, mjestu i vremenu njezina prvog objavljivanja, autoru njezina teksta, kao i autoru njezine kasnije komponirane glazbene podloge. Potonji je naj\u010de\u0161\u0107e spomenut tek usput, uz formulaciju da je \u201eLijepu na\u0161u\u201c uglazbio \u201eVinkov\u010danin Josip Runjanin\u201c (primjerice <a href=\"https:\/\/www.7dnevno.hr\/povijest-hr\/u-danici-objavljena-pjesma-horvatska-domovina-antuna-mihanovica-himnom-postala-krajem-19-stoljeca\/\">ovdje<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/bljesak.info\/magazin\/flash\/na-danasnji-je-dan-prvi-put-objavljen-tekst-hrvatske-himne\/508467\">ovdje<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/artkvart.hr\/189-godina-od-objavljivanja-horvatske-domovine\/\">ovdje<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/hkm.hr\/vijesti\/__trashed-21\/\">ovdje<\/a>), me\u0111utim, njegovo ime navedeno je kao \u201eJosip\u201c, a ne \u201eJosif\u201c. Provjerili smo i kako je njegovo ime navedeno u ud\u017ebenicima povijesti za osnovne i srednje \u0161kole<a href=\"#_ftn1\" name=\"_ftnref1\">[1]<\/a> i utvrdili da se i u njima navodi \u2013 Josip Runjanin.    <\/p>\n<p>We investigated whether this form of the name is accurate and historically grounded and consulted historical and expert sources.<\/p>\n<div id='gallery-1' class='gallery galleryid-43495 gallery-columns-1 gallery-size-medium'><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/p-portal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Povijest-7.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1640\" height=\"924\" src=\"https:\/\/p-portal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Povijest-7.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-1-43353\" srcset=\"https:\/\/p-portal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Povijest-7.jpg 1640w, https:\/\/p-portal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Povijest-7-1024x577.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/p-portal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Povijest-7-768x433.jpg 768w, https:\/\/p-portal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Povijest-7-50x28.jpg 50w, https:\/\/p-portal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Povijest-7-1600x901.jpg 1600w, https:\/\/p-portal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Povijest-7-1536x865.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1640px) 100vw, 1640px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<figcaption class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-1-43353'>\n\t\t\t\tTragovi 3 (Zagreb: \u0160kolska knjiga, 2021)\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/p-portal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Tragovi3.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1640\" height=\"924\" src=\"https:\/\/p-portal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Tragovi3.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-1-43356\" srcset=\"https:\/\/p-portal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Tragovi3.jpg 1640w, https:\/\/p-portal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Tragovi3-1024x577.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/p-portal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Tragovi3-768x433.jpg 768w, https:\/\/p-portal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Tragovi3-50x28.jpg 50w, https:\/\/p-portal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Tragovi3-1600x901.jpg 1600w, https:\/\/p-portal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Tragovi3-1536x865.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1640px) 100vw, 1640px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<figcaption class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-1-43356'>\n\t\t\t\tPovijest 7 (Zagreb: Alfa, 2020)\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n<p>Runjanin\u2019s name was recorded at the time of his birth in 1821, on November 26 (according to the old calendar) or December 8 (according to the new calendar), at his baptism in the Serbian Orthodox Church of the Descent of the Holy Spirit in Vinkovci four days later. He was baptized by Vinkovci priest <strong>Adam Popovi\u0107<\/strong>.[<a href=\"#_ftn2\" name=\"_ftnref2\">2<\/a>] In the birth and baptismal registry, his name is listed as: <strong>Josif Runjanin<\/strong>. The same form of his name appears in the death record in Novi Sad, dated January 8 (according to the old calendar) or January 21 (according to the new calendar) in the year 1878[<a href=\"#_ftn3\" name=\"_ftnref3\">3<\/a>]. It is precisely this form \u2013 Josif \u2013 that is engraved on his tombstone at the Orthodox Uspensko Cemetery in Novi Sad (as visible in the image available <a href=\"https:\/\/novosti.hr\/pokrenut-postupak-obnove-i-odrzavanja-groba-josipa-runjanina-u-novom-sadu\/\">here<\/a>, archived <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.ph\/eWnNT\">here<\/a>).       <\/p>\n<p>These records, in addition to confirming his lifelong affiliation with the Orthodox Church, clearly show that his name in official documentation was (and remained) Josif, which was, at the time, the only form used among Serbian Orthodox Christians for the biblical name <em>Yosef<\/em>.<\/p>\n<div id='gallery-2' class='gallery galleryid-43495 gallery-columns-1 gallery-size-medium'><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/p-portal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Faksimil-1.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1640\" height=\"924\" src=\"https:\/\/p-portal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Faksimil-1.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-2-43355\" srcset=\"https:\/\/p-portal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Faksimil-1.jpg 1640w, https:\/\/p-portal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Faksimil-1-1024x577.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/p-portal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Faksimil-1-768x433.jpg 768w, https:\/\/p-portal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Faksimil-1-50x28.jpg 50w, https:\/\/p-portal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Faksimil-1-1600x901.jpg 1600w, https:\/\/p-portal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Faksimil-1-1536x865.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1640px) 100vw, 1640px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<figcaption class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-2-43355'>\n\t\t\t\tFaksimil iz Protokola ro\u0111enih i kr\u0161tenih Srpske pravoslavne parohije u Vinkovcima objavljen u knjizi Ilije Vrsajkova \u201eJosif Runjanin: \u017eivot i delo\u201c (Nevko\u0161, Novi Sad 2000.)\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/p-portal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Faksimil2.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1640\" height=\"924\" src=\"https:\/\/p-portal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Faksimil2.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-2-43354\" srcset=\"https:\/\/p-portal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Faksimil2.jpg 1640w, https:\/\/p-portal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Faksimil2-1024x577.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/p-portal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Faksimil2-768x433.jpg 768w, https:\/\/p-portal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Faksimil2-50x28.jpg 50w, https:\/\/p-portal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Faksimil2-1600x901.jpg 1600w, https:\/\/p-portal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Faksimil2-1536x865.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1640px) 100vw, 1640px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<figcaption class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-2-43354'>\n\t\t\t\tDio fotografije grafi\u010dki ozna\u010den radi isticanja detalja\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n<p>In various contexts of his professional life, both Runjanin\u2019s name and surname appeared in different forms in mostly military records. For example, in the documents of the Military Frontier, which were obligatorily recorded in German, it is most often listed in an abbreviated form as \u201cRunianin Jos.&#8221;[<a href=\"#_ftn4\" name=\"_ftnref4\">4<\/a>] with the obligatory addition of his current military rank at the time. When mentioned in full, German documents consistently record his name in the characteristic form \u201cJoseph\u201d. <a href=\"#_ftn5\" name=\"_ftnref5\">[5]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>As far as is known, the form &#8220;Josip Runjanin&#8221; was first used in 1846 in the Ob\u0107i zagreba\u010dki kolendar[<a href=\"#_ftn6\" name=\"_ftnref6\">6<\/a>], a publication that promoted the ideas of the Illyrian movement, especially those originating from the circle close to <strong>Ljudevit Gaj<\/strong>, of which Runjanin was a part. <\/p>\n<p>These varying ways of recording the same name of the same person at the time can be explained by the specific historical circumstances in which the process of forming a unified system of recording characters and words in the languages of the South Slavic peoples, including Croatian and Serbian, had not yet fully developed standardized orthographic conventions. As a result, it was common for certain personal names to be cited in a &#8220;translated&#8221; form, adapted to the sound patterns more familiar to the local linguistic environment. However, over time, such practices (unlike many other Illyrian linguistic proposals) were abandoned. In the spirit of modern Croatian (and Serbian) language standards, insisting on the form Josip Runjanin instead of the original Josif Runjanin would be akin to insisting on Joseph Runianin, the most frequently found variant in contemporary German-language records. For comparison, even his surname was sometimes written in historically non-standard forms, such as Run\u044fanin[<a href=\"#_ftn7\" name=\"_ftnref7\">7<\/a>], a variant closer to the modern Russian conventions.  <\/p>\n<blockquote><p><strong>In conclusion, the claim that the composer of the Croatian national anthem was Josip Runjanin is not entirely accurate, as his name was recorded in original historical documents as Josif Runjanin. While both versions appear in the literature, it would be more precise to use  <\/strong><strong>the form<\/strong> <strong>documented<\/strong><strong> in official <\/strong><strong>registers<\/strong> <strong>and<\/strong> <strong>on his<\/strong> <strong>gravestone<\/strong>.<strong>Such an approach  <\/strong><strong>enhances not only historical accuracy<\/strong> <strong>but also a<\/strong> <strong>fuller understanding of his biography.<\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>[<a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\">1<\/a>] Compare: <em>History 7<\/em> (Zagreb: Alfa, 2020), <em>Traces 3 <\/em>(Zagreb: \u0160kolska knjiga, 2021)<\/p>\n<p>[<a href=\"#_ftnref2\" name=\"_ftn2\">2<\/a>] Facsimile of the &#8220;<em>Register of Baptisms of the Church of the Holy Spirit in Vinkovci<\/em>. Book 2, page 6, entry no. 31,&#8221; in: Ilija Vrsajkov, Josif Runjanin: Life and Work, p. 26.  26.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref3\" name=\"_ftn3\">[3]<\/a> <em>Death register of the Holy Dormition Serbian Orthodox Church in Novi Sad from 1878. <\/em>. Book 4, page 85, serial number 4<\/p>\n<p>[<a href=\"#_ftnref4\" name=\"_ftn4\">4<\/a>] Compare: \u201c(3.) Carlst\u00e4dter Mil. Gr\u00e4nz IR. Staff: Ogulin,\u201d <em>Milit\u00e4r-Schematismus des \u00f6sterreichischen Kaiserthumes<\/em>, <em>Vienna 1840,<\/em> p. 239; 239. \u201c(10.) Banat Mil. Gr\u00e4nz IR. Staff: Glina,\u201d<em> Milit\u00e4r-Schematismus des \u00f6sterreichischen Kaiserthumes, Vienna 1841<\/em>, p. 253; 253. \u201c(10.) <em>Banal Mil. Gr\u00e4nz IR. Staff: Glina,\u201d Milit\u00e4r-Schematismus des \u00f6sterreichischen Kaiserthumes, Vienna 1845,  <\/em>p. 260. 260.<\/p>\n<p>[<a href=\"#_ftnref5\" name=\"_ftn5\">5<\/a>] Compare: \u201c(10.) Banal-Mil.-Gr\u00e4nz-IR. Staff: Glina \u2026 Staff Officers,\u201d <em>Milit\u00e4r-Schematismus des \u00f6sterreichischen Kaiserthumes, Vienna 1850<\/em>, p. 310; 310. \u201c(10.) Banal-Mil.-Gr\u00e4nz-IR. Staff: Glina \u2026 Staff Officers,\u201d <em>Milit\u00e4r-Schematismus des \u00f6sterreichischen Kaiserthumes, Vienna 1857<\/em>, p. 365. 365.<\/p>\n<p>[<a href=\"#_ftnref6\" name=\"_ftn6\">6<\/a>] \u201c10. P\u00e0rvi banovci,\u201d <em>General Zagreb Calendar for the Year 1846, first edition, edited by Slavoljub V\u00e8rban\u010di\u0107, published by Lav \u017dupan, Printed by Franjo Suppan, <\/em>Zagreb 1846.<\/p>\n<p>[<a href=\"#_ftnref7\" name=\"_ftn7\">7<\/a>] \u201cIn Topusko, on July 22, 1861,\u201d <em>Serbian Daily<\/em>, Novi Sad 10 (69), p. 2. <\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em>Funded by the European Union \u2013 NextGenerationEU.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em>Views and opinions expressed are however those of the author(s) only and do not necessarily reflect those of the European Union or the European Commission, nor the positions of the Agency for Electronic Media. Neither the European Union nor the European Commission, nor the Agency for Electronic Media can be held responsible for them. <\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In the media, as well as in history textbooks for elementary and high school, it is stated that the composer of the Croatian national anthem &#8220;Lijepa na\u0161a domovino&#8221; is Josip Runjanin, which does not align with historical facts. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":67,"featured_media":43496,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"none","_seopress_titles_title":"","_seopress_titles_desc":"","_seopress_robots_index":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[392],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-43495","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-fact-check-en","infinite-scroll-item","generate-columns","tablet-grid-50","mobile-grid-100","grid-parent","grid-33"],"featured_image_src":"https:\/\/p-portal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Runjanin3.png","featured_image_src_square":"https:\/\/p-portal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Runjanin3.png","author_info":{"display_name":"Leon \u0106evani\u0107","author_link":"https:\/\/p-portal.net\/en\/author\/leon"},"rbea_author_info":{"display_name":"Leon \u0106evani\u0107","author_link":"https:\/\/p-portal.net\/en\/author\/leon"},"rbea_excerpt_info":"In the media, as well as in history textbooks for elementary and high school, it is stated that the composer of the Croatian national anthem \"Lijepa na\u0161a domovino\" is Josip Runjanin, which does not align with historical facts. ","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/p-portal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/43495","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/p-portal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/p-portal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/p-portal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/67"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/p-portal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=43495"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/p-portal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/43495\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":43497,"href":"https:\/\/p-portal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/43495\/revisions\/43497"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/p-portal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/43496"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/p-portal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=43495"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/p-portal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=43495"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/p-portal.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=43495"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}